World Tourism Day 2023: World Tourism Day is celebrated every year on 27 September with the aim of making everyone aware of the historical buildings, religious places, and world heritages declared by UNESCO and promoting tourism around the world. Celebrating this day was started by the United Nations Tourism Organization in 1980. 10 years before this, in 1970, the law of the United Nations World Tourism Organization was accepted only on 27 September. For this reason, Tourism Day started being celebrated on the occasion of the anniversary. There are many tourist destinations in the world but the seven wonders of the world are considered to be the most famous. Know about the countries in which the Seven Wonders of the World are located and what is their specialty. On the occasion of Tourism Day, travel to the seven wonders of the world through this article.
Petra of Jordan
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| Petra of Jordan |
The area around Petra has been inhabited since 7000 BC, and the Nabataeans may have settled there in the 4th century BC in what would have become the capital of their kingdom. Archaeological work has yielded evidence of Nabataean presence only in the 2nd century BC, by which time Petra had become their capital. The Nabataeans were nomadic Arabs who invested near incense trade routes, establishing Petra as a major regional trading center.
It has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985. UNESCO describes Petra as “one of the most precious cultural properties of the cultural heritage of man”. In 2007, Petra was chosen as one of the New 7 Wonders of the World. Petra is a symbol of Jordan, as well as Jordan’s most visited tourist attraction. The number of tourists reached 1.1 million in 2019, the first time that this figure has reached above 1 million. Tourism in the historic city was hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic but soon began to pick up again and reach 905,000 visitors in 2022.
Chichen Itza, Mexico
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| Chichen Itza, Mexico |
Chichen Itza was a major focal point in the northern Maya lowlands from the Late Classic (c. 600–900 AD) through the Terminal Classic (c. 800–900 AD) and the early Postclassic period (c. 900 AD). -1200). The site displays several architectural styles, reminiscent of those seen in central Mexico and the Puuc and Chenes styles of the northern Maya lowlands. It was once thought that the presence of Central Mexican styles was representative of direct migration or even conquest from Central Mexico, but most contemporary interpretations see the presence of these non-Maya styles as the result of cultural diffusion.
Chichen Itza was one of the largest Maya cities and may have been one of the legendary great cities or tollans mentioned in later Mesoamerican literature. The city may have had one of the most diverse populations in the Maya world, a factor that may have contributed to the diversity of architectural styles at the site.
The ruins of Chichen Itza are federal property, and management of the site is maintained by Mexico’s Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (National Institute of Anthropology and History). The land beneath the monuments was privately owned until March 29, 2010, when it was purchased by the state of Yucatán.
Chichen Itza is one of the most visited archeological sites in Mexico, with over 2.6 million tourists in 2017.
Chichen Itza, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is the second most visited archaeological site in Mexico. The archaeological site attracts many visitors from the popular tourist resort of Cancún, who take day trips on tour buses.
In 2007, the Temple of Kukulcán (El Castillo) at Chichen Itza was named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World following a worldwide vote. Despite the fact that the vote was sponsored by a commercial enterprise and its methodology was criticized, the vote was accepted by the government and tourism officials in Mexico, who estimated that the number of tourists to Chichén would double by 2012 as a result of the promotion. Will go. The ensuing publicity reignited debate in Mexico over ownership of the site, culminating on March 29, 2010, when the state of Yucatán purchased from owner Hans Juergen Thies Barbachano the land on which the most recognized monuments stand.
INAH, which manages the site, has closed many of the monuments to public access. Although visitors can walk around them, they can no longer climb on them or go inside their chambers. In 2006, climbing up El Castillo was closed after a woman from San Diego, California, fell and died.
Machu Picchu, Peru
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| Machu Picchu, Peru |
The Inca civilization had no written language and, as far as is known, no Europeans visited the site until the 19th century, after its discovery by Baltasar Ocampo, a Spanish soldier, in the late 16th century, so there is no written record of it. While the site was in use. The names of the buildings, their assumed uses, and their occupants are the product of modern archaeologists based on physical evidence, including tombs at the site. Machu Picchu was built in the classical Inca style with polished dry stone walls. Its three primary structures are Intihuatana, the Temple of the Sun, and the Temple of the Three Windows. Most of the exterior buildings have been reconstructed to give visitors a better idea of how they originally looked. By 1976, 30% of Machu Picchu had been restored and restoration continues. Recent archaeologists believe that Machu Picchu was built as the property of the Inca emperor Pachacuti (1438–1472). The Incas built the property around 1450, but abandoned it a century later, at the time of the Spanish conquest. According to new AMS radiocarbon dating, it was occupied from c. 1420-1532. Historical research published in 2022 claims that the site was probably called Huayna Picchu by the Inca people because it is located on a small peak of the same name.
Machu Picchu was declared a Peruvian Historic Sanctuary in 1982 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983. In 2007, Machu Picchu was voted one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in a worldwide Internet poll.
Colosseum of Italy
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| Colosseum of Italy |
The Colosseum is made of travertine limestone, tuff (volcanic rock) and brick-faced concrete. It could accommodate an estimated 50,000 to 80,000 spectators at various points in its history, with an average audience of around 65,000. It was used for gladiatorial contests and public displays including animal hunts, executions, re-enactments of famous battles, plays based on Roman mythology, and brief sea battles. The building ceased to be used for entertainment in the early medieval era. It was later reused for purposes such as housing, workshops, quarters for religious orders, a fort, a mine, and a Christian temple.
Although largely ruined by earthquakes and the capture of Spolia by stone robbers, the Colosseum is still a famous symbol of Imperial Rome and was listed as one of the New 7 Wonders of the World. It is one of Rome’s most popular tourist attractions and also has ties to the Roman Catholic Church, as every Good Friday the Pope leads a torchlight “Way of the Cross” procession starting from the area around the Colosseum. It happens. The Colosseum is depicted on the Italian version of the five-cent euro coin.
Christ the Redeemer (Statue) of Brazil
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| Christ the Redeemer of Brazil |
The statue weighs 635 metric tons (625 long, 700 short tons), and is located on top of the 700-metre (2,300 ft) Corcovado Mountain in Tijuca National Park overlooking the city of Rio de Janeiro. This statue is the largest Art Deco-style statue in the world. A symbol of Christianity throughout the world, the statue has become a cultural icon of both Rio de Janeiro and Brazil and has been chosen as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. It is said that there is a danger of lightning falling on the idol. Lightning strikes the statue three times a year.
Great Wall of China
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| Great Wall of China |
Besides defense, other purposes of the Great Wall included border control, allowing tariffs to be charged on goods transported along the Silk Road, regulation or encouragement of trade, and control of immigration and emigration. Furthermore, the defensive characteristics of the Great Wall were enhanced by the construction of watch towers, military barracks, garrison stations, signaling capabilities through smoke or fire, and the fact that the Great Wall’s route also served as a transportation corridor.
The boundary walls built by different dynasties have several courses. Collectively, they extended from Liaodong in the east to Lop Lake in the west, from the present-day Sino-Russian border in the north to the Tao River (Taohe) in the south; Along an arc that roughly delineates the edge of the Mongolian Plain; Extending to a total of 21,196.18 km. Today, the defensive system of the Great Wall is generally recognized as one of the most impressive architectural achievements in history.
The Taj Mahal of India
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| The Taj Mahal of India |
Construction of the mausoleum was essentially completed in 1643, but work continued on other phases of the project for another 10 years. It is believed that the Taj Mahal complex was fully completed in 1653, at which time the estimated cost was approximately ₹32 million, which would be approximately ₹35 billion in 2023. The construction project employed approximately 20,000 artisans under the guidance of a board of architects led by the emperor’s court architect Ustad Ahmed Lahauri. A variety of symbols have been used in the Taj to reflect natural beauty and divinity.
The Taj Mahal was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983 for being “the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the universally acclaimed masterpieces of the world’s heritage”. Many consider it to be the finest example of Mughal architecture and a symbol of India’s rich history. The Taj Mahal attracts 7–8 million tourists per year, and in 2007 it was declared the winner of the New 7 Wonders of the World (2000–2007) initiative.
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